UN R40 — 02 series of amendments

The scope now covers the emission of gaseous pollutants and the energy efficiency in terms of fuel consumption. Before, the scope covered only the emission of gaseous pollutants. The vehicle categories L3, L4 and L5 do not change. Paragraph 2. adds new definitions, for example “defeat device”, “useful life”, “bi-fuel vehicle” and “LPG”. “Reference mass (mref)” replaces “reference weight”: the unladen mass of the vehicle increased with the mass of the driver (75 kg). The title of the Regulation now says “motorcycles” instead of “motor cycles”.

New paragraph 5.1.2.1. prohibits defeat strategies, unless the manufacturer has documented and declared the strategy to the satisfaction of the responsible authority. Vehicles with positive ignition engines are subject to the Type I, Type II and Type VII tests. Before, the vehicle was subject, according to its category, to two test types, I and II. Table 1 gives the tests for each fuel type of mono-fuel and bi-fuel vehicles. The manufacturer may choose E5 or E10 fuel for the tests. Paragraph 5.2.4. puts vehicles in classes 1, 2-1, 2-2, 3-1 and 3-2 by engine capacity and maximum vehicle speed.

Table 5 gives the Type I limits in mg/km for CO, THC (HC) and NOx for classes 1, 2 and 3. Before, Tables I and II gave CO and HC limits in g/km in terms of the reference weight, for two-stroke and four-stroke engines. The measurement of nitrogen oxides was for information only. Figure 2 and Table 6 now set the number of tests. Table 6 compares the first test result with 0.9 times the limit, and the average of two or three test results with the limit. For the second and third tests, each test result must also meet the limit.

Annex 4 now has the title “Test Type I, exhaust emissions after cold start”. Before, the Type I test verified the average emission of gaseous pollutants in a congested urban area. The Type I test runs the parts of the World Harmonized Motorcycle Test Cycle (WMTC) that Table A4/1 gives for each vehicle class. Annex 7 now holds the common appendixes to Test Types I, II and VII, for example the chassis dynamometer system. The reference fuels are now in Appendix 2 to Annex 7, not in Annex 6. A new appendix to Annex 4 gives the Type I procedure for vehicles fuelled with LPG and NG/biomethane.

The Type II test applies to all vehicles with positive ignition engines, with the procedure of Annex 5. Vehicles that can use petrol or LPG or NG/biomethane must do the Type II test on both fuels. Before, the CO content at idling speed had a limit of 4.5 per cent by volume. Under Annex 5, the vehicles must comply with the Test Type II requirements in regional regulation of Contracting Parties at the time of certification. Paragraph 5.4.4. now asks to record the CO content, the engine speed and the engine oil temperature at normal idle and at high idle. The new Type VII test measures CO2 emissions and fuel consumption with the procedures of Annex 4 and Annex 6.

An approval of a two-wheeled vehicle type may be extended to the same propulsion unit family, by the criteria of Appendix 8 to Annex 7. Before, the extension rules covered vehicle types with different reference weights or different overall gear ratios. For conformity of production, three vehicles are selected at random and tested to the Table 5 limits. If the average of the first two vehicles meets the limits, production conformity is satisfactory. If not, Appendix 1 applies when the Approval Authority is satisfied with the manufacturer's production standard deviation, and Appendix 2 when it is not. CoP tests use vehicles with at most 100 km after first start at the production line, unless the manufacturer asks for a running-in.

New paragraph 12. gives transitional provisions for the 02 series. From the entry into force of the 02 series, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation must not refuse to grant or accept 02 series approvals. Contracting Parties applying this Regulation may grant approvals, and must continue to grant extensions of existing approvals, to any of the preceding series. Approvals granted under this Regulation before the 02 series entered into force, and all their extensions, remain valid indefinitely. From two years after entry into force, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation may refuse first national registration of non-compliant L3, L4 and L5 vehicle types. Annex 1 and Annex 2 have new items, and the Annex 3 example with approval number 022439 refers to the 02 series.