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UN R159 Supplement 3 (00 series) · UNECE Regulation No. 159 (ECE R159) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicles with regard to the Moving Off Information System for the Detection of Pedestrians and Cyclists.

UN R159 — Supplement 3 to the 00 series of amendments

Supplement 2 → 3

Adopted at the WP.29 199th sessionEntry into force not yet known
What changed
  • Paragraph 1.3. gives the vehicles of category M and N that are exempted from this Regulation. New item (b) adds vehicles of category Y. It also adds vehicles of category X without a manual mode which is intended to be operated on-board the vehicle.
  • Under paragraph 5., vehicles of category X with a manual mode intended to be operated on-board, not using a driver’s seat, may fulfil alternative requirements. This is in agreement with the Technical Service and Type Approval Authority. The condition: the manufacturer, with the safety concept defined for manual operation, can demonstrate a level of safety equivalent to paragraphs 5.1.1. to 5.8.
  • The international approval mark of paragraph 4.5. now consists of a circle surrounding the letter “E”. The option of an oval surrounding the letters “UI” is deleted.
Why
  • Supplement 3 is introduced to take into account vehicles of categories X and Y.
  • This UN Regulation has been amended to clarify that MOIS are only required to work when a driver is in control.
  • Paragraph 0.8.2. considers vehicles of category X with manual operation onboard other than seated in a driver’s seat. Such a vehicle cannot meet certain provisions related to the driver’s seat and its R-point.

Q1What changed27 changes

New introduction on vehicles of categories X and Y (paras 0.8. to 0.8.2.)

Under new paragraph 0.8., Supplement 3 is introduced to take into account vehicles of categories X and Y. Paragraph 0.8.1. says that this UN Regulation has been amended to clarify that MOIS are only required to work when a driver is in control. Paragraph 0.8.2. lists 3 manual modes considered for vehicles of category X equipped with a manual mode. Vehicles operated manually by a Remote-Control device intended to be operated in close proximity of the vehicle are exempted from the scope of this Regulation. For manual operation seated in a driver’s seat, the general provisions of this UN Regulation apply. For manual operation onboard the vehicle other than seated in a driver’s seat, for example standing while using a joystick, alternative provisions apply.

Supplement 3 to the original version of the UN Regulation is introduced to take into account vehicles of categories X and Y.
Recognising the need for different requirements to deal with vehicles fitted with Automated Driving Systems (ADS), this UN Regulation has been amended to clarify that Moving Off Information Systems (MOIS) are only required to work when a driver is in control, and that vehicles without the ability to be controlled by a driver (vehicles of category Y as well as vehicles of category X that do not have a manual mode, intended to be operated on-board the vehicle) are not required to comply with this Regulation. These changes are made based on the assumption that the ADS vehicles must have good perception of all other road users in proximity of the vehicle, and that the ADS must take all reasonable steps to avoid collision.
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Vehicles of category Y, and of category X without an on-board manual mode, exempted (para. 1.3.)

Paragraph 1.3. gives the vehicles of category M and N that are exempted from this Regulation. New item (b) adds vehicles of category Y. It also adds vehicles of category X without a manual mode which is intended to be operated on-board the vehicle. Paragraph 1.1. now says “This UN Regulation” instead of “This Regulation”.

Vehicles of category Y and vehicles of category X without a manual mode which is intended to be operated on-board the vehicle.
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Automatic MOIS deactivation on the activation of an ADS feature (para. 5.1.1.)

In paragraph 5.1.1., the example situations for automatic deactivation of the MOIS now include “the activation of an ADS feature”. Except while an ADS feature is active, a constant optical warning signal must inform the driver that the MOIS has been deactivated. Before, the text had no such exception. Vehicles fitted with an ADS must comply with the relevant technical requirements and transitional provisions defined in another UN Regulation.

When the vehicle is equipped with a means to automatically deactivate the MOIS in situations such as, having street cleaning equipment, snowploughs or a snow plough, front loader garbage collectors attached, or the activation of an ADS feature, the following provisions shall apply as appropriate:
A Except while an ADS feature is active, a constant optical warning signal shall inform the driver that the MOIS has been deactivated. The failure warning signal specified in paragraph 5.8. below may be used for this purpose.
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Alternative requirements for vehicles of category X (para. 5.) and new “Safety Concept” definition (para. 2.33.)

Under paragraph 5., vehicles of category X with a manual mode intended to be operated on-board, not using a driver’s seat, may fulfil alternative requirements. This is in agreement with the Technical Service and Type Approval Authority. A condition: the manufacturer, with the safety concept defined for manual operation, can demonstrate a level of safety equivalent to paragraphs 5.1.1. to 5.8. The alternative provisions that are applied and the vehicle’s performance must be duly described in the Test Report. New paragraph 2.33. defines “Safety Concept”.

For Vehicles of category X, with a manual mode intended to be operated on-board the vehicle, not using a driver’s seat, may fulfil alternative requirements, in agreement with the Technical Service and Type Approval Authority, provided that the manufacturer, with the safety concept defined for manual operation, can demonstrate that a level of safety, equivalent to that of the requirements set out in paragraphs 5.1.1. to 5.8. below, is achieved. The alternative provisions that are applied and the vehicle’s performance must be duly described in the Test Report.
"Safety Concept" means a description of the measures which ensure safe operation under fault (functional safety) and non-fault conditions (operational safety) in such a way that it is free of unreasonable safety risks to the vehicle occupants and other road users. The possibility of a fallback to partial operation or to a backup system may be a part of the safety concept.

Approval mark: Unique Identifier option deleted (para. 4.5. and Annex 2)

Under paragraph 4.5., the international approval mark now consists of a circle surrounding the letter “E”, followed by the items in (a) and (b). Before, the mark could consist of either this mark (para. 4.5.1.) or an oval surrounding the letters “UI” followed by the Unique Identifier (para. 4.5.2.). Paragraphs 4.5.1. and 4.5.2. are deleted. In Annex 2, one figure and the text that explains the Unique Identifier example are deleted. The reference under the Annex 2 title now reads “(see paragraph 4.5. of this Regulation)”.

There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place specified on the approval form, to every vehicle conforming to a vehicle type approved under this Regulation, an international approval mark conforming to the model described in Annex 2, consisting of eithera circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by:
A circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by:
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References to M.R.1 and R.E.3 (para. 2.11. and footnotes)

Paragraph 2.11. now refers to Addendum 6 of Mutual Resolution No. 1 (M.R.1) for the reference point on the driver's seat. Before, it referred to Annex 1 of ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.6. A footnote that referred to Annex 1 of R.E.3 now refers to Addendum 6 of M.R.1, document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1101/Amend.5. The footnote on the distinguishing numbers of the Contracting Parties now cites document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.8 instead of Rev.6. Both footnotes give a new web address. New footnote 1 refers to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3.), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.8.

"Ocular reference point" means the middle point between two points 65 mm apart and 635 mm vertically above the reference point which is specified in Annex Addendum 6 of Mutual Resolution No. 1 of ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.6 (M.R.1) on the driver's seat. The straight line joining the two points runs perpendicular to the vertical longitudinal median plane of the vehicle. The centre of the segment joining the two points is in a vertical longitudinal plane which shall pass through the centre of the driver's designated seating position, as specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
See Annex 1 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.6 - www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29resolutions.htmlSee Addendum 6 of Mutual Resolution No. 1 (M.R.1) (document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1101/Amend.5); https://unece.org/transport/vehicle-regulations/wp29/resolutions
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Q2Why it changed

Proposed by
Expert from the Kingdom of the Netherlands on behalf of the Task Force on Automated Vehicles Regulatory Screening (TF-AVRS)
Working party
GRSG, 131st session (April 2026)

Reasons

  • Supplement 3 is introduced to take into account vehicles of categories X and Y.

    Source
    “Supplement 3 to the original version of the UN Regulation is introduced to take into account vehicles of categories X and Y1”
  • There is a need for different requirements to deal with vehicles fitted with Automated Driving Systems (ADS). This UN Regulation has been amended to clarify that Moving Off Information Systems (MOIS) are only required to work when a driver is in control. It also clarifies that vehicles without the ability to be controlled by a driver are not required to comply with this Regulation. These are vehicles of category Y. They are also vehicles of category X that do not have a manual mode, intended to be operated on-board the vehicle.

    Sources (3)
    “Recognising the need for different requirements to deal with vehicles fitted with Automated Driving Systems (ADS)1”
    “this UN Regulation has been amended to clarify that Moving Off Information Systems (MOIS) are only required to work when a driver is in control”
    “vehicles without the ability to be controlled by a driver (vehicles of category Y as well as vehicles of category X that do not have a manual mode, intended to be operated on-board the vehicle) are not required”
  • These changes are made based on the assumption that ADS vehicles must have good perception of all other road users in proximity of the vehicle. They also assume that the ADS must take all reasonable steps to avoid collision.

    Source
    “These changes are made based on the assumption that the ADS vehicles must have good perception of all other road users in proximity of the vehicle, and that the ADS must take all reasonable steps to avoid collision.”
  • Paragraph 0.8.2. considers 3 manual modes for vehicles of category X equipped with a manual mode. One is manual operation onboard the vehicle other than seated in a driver’s seat, for example standing while using a joystick. Such a vehicle cannot meet certain provisions related to the driver’s seat and its R-point. Therefore, alternative provisions apply.

    Sources (3)
    “Vehicles of category X equipped with a manual mode; for this Regulation, 3 different manual modes have been considered”
    “Manual operation onboard the vehicle other than seated in a driver’s seat (e.g. standing while using a joystick).”
    “Vehicle cannot meet certain provisions related to the driver’s seat and its R-point. Therefore, alternative provisions apply.”

Document trail

  1. 2026-01ProposalECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRSG/2026/12Proposal by the expert from the Kingdom of the Netherlands on behalf of TF-AVRS
  2. —RevisedGRSG-131-37Revised TF-AVRS proposal that replaced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRSG/2026/12
  3. —Working party adoptsECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRSG/110GRSG session report, para. 37
  4. 2026-04Sent to WP.29ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2026/126Text that GRSG sent to WP.29 and AC.1
  5. —Amended in sessionWP.29-199-10Amendments for the AC.1 vote, reproduced in Annex VI of ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1192
  6. 2026-06-24WP.29 adoptsECE/TRANS/WP.29/1192Adopted at the 199th session (session report, para. 103)
  7. PendingIn forceDate not yet known

Q3Who is affected

Vehicle manufacturer

  • For alternative requirements under paragraph 5., use your manual-operation safety concept to demonstrate safety equivalent to paragraphs 5.1.1. to 5.8.
  • If the MOIS is automatically deactivated on the activation of an ADS feature, list this situation for the technical service.
  • Use the approval mark with a circle surrounding the letter “E” of paragraph 4.5.; the “UI” oval option is deleted.

Component supplier

  • No direct action for this role.

Technical service / Approval authority

  • For alternative requirements under paragraph 5., be ready to assess the manufacturer's demonstration of an equivalent level of safety.
  • For alternative requirements under paragraph 5., make sure the Test Report describes the alternative provisions applied and the vehicle’s performance.

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