UN R85 Supplement 12 (00 series) · UNECE Regulation No. 85 (ECE R85) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of internal combustion engines or electric drive trains intended for the propulsion of motor vehicles of categories M and N with regard to the measurement of the net power and the maximum 30 minutes power of electric drive trains.
UN R85 — Supplement 12 to the 00 series of amendments
Supplement 11 → 12
- What changed
- A new sentence in paragraph 5.2.3.4., for compression ignition engines and dual-fuel engines, says: “In the case that testing for emissions according to UN Regulations Nos. 49 and/or 24 is conducted at the same time as testing to this Regulation, at the request of the manufacturer the same fuel for testing emissions may be used for testing to this Regulation”.
- New paragraph 5.2.3.7. says, for positive ignition engines, compression ignition engines and dual-fuel engines fuelled with hydrogen: “The fuel used shall be the one available on the market. In any case of dispute, the fuel shall be the fuel specified in ISO14687:2019 as grade D”.
- Why
- The proposal aims at permitting the use of hydrogen (H2) as fuel for type approval of heavy-duty vehicles.
- The proposal also aims “to explicitly permit the usage of the reference fuel required for emission testing when the manufacturer applies for UN Regulations Nos. 24 and / or 49 type approval at same time”.
- Test fuels are permitted in Europe for certification testing of gaseous and particulate pollutants and power/smoke testing. Other countries that have adopted and referenced UN Regulation No. 85 may not allow this.
Q1What changed3 changes
Same fuel as for emission testing (para. 5.2.3.4.)
Paragraph 5.2.3.4. covers compression ignition engines and dual-fuel engines. A new sentence in this paragraph says: “In the case that testing for emissions according to UN Regulations Nos. 49 and/or 24 is conducted at the same time as testing to this Regulation, at the request of the manufacturer the same fuel for testing emissions may be used for testing to this Regulation”. The paragraph also says: “The fuel used shall be the one available on the market. In any case of dispute, the fuel shall be the reference fuel defined by CEC for compression ignition engines, in CEC document RF-03-A-84”.
Test fuel for engines fuelled with hydrogen (para. 5.2.3.7.)
New paragraph 5.2.3.7. covers positive ignition engines, compression ignition engines and dual-fuel engines fuelled with hydrogen. For these engines, the fuel used must be the one available on the market. In any case of dispute, the fuel for these engines must be the fuel specified in ISO14687:2019 as grade D.
Q2Why it changed
- Proposed by
- Expert from the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers
- Working party
- GRPE, 87th session (January 2023)
Reasons
In Europe, the use of test fuels is permitted for certification testing of gaseous and particulate pollutants and for power/smoke testing. Other countries that have adopted and referenced UN Regulation No. 85 may not allow this. In this case, manufacturers have to prepare fuels with different characteristics, which is costly and requires a long time.
Sources (3)
“The use of test fuels is permitted for certification testing of gaseous and particulate pollutants and power/smoke testing in Europe.”
“However, other countries that have adopted and referenced UN Regulation No. 85 may not allow this.”
“In this case, manufacturers have to prepare fuels with different characteristics, which is costly and requires a long time due to the current inconsistent situation.”
The proposal says that UN Regulation No. 83 covers hydrogen fuelled vehicles, but UN Regulations Nos. 49 and 85 do not yet cover hydrogen.
Source
“Hydrogen fuelled vehicles are covered in UN Regulation No. 83, but hydrogen is not yet covered in UN Regulation No. 49 and UN Regulation No. 85.”
Hydrogen fuelled engines could be one complementary option to reduce CO2 emission of future heavy-duty vehicles. Thus, the proposal says, hydrogen fuel should be integrated in UN Regulations Nos. 49 and 85 for better alignment with UN Regulation No. 83.
Sources (2)
“Hydrogen fuelled engines could be one complementary option to reduce CO2 emission of future heavy-duty vehicles”
“Thus, hydrogen fuel should be integrated in UN Regulation No. 49 and UN Regulation No. 85 for better alignment with UN Regulation No. 83”
Proposer's reason (informal document GRPE-87-16-Rev.1)
The change that GRPE-87-16-Rev.1 makes to the proposal is intended to make the wording coherent. The words “gaseous and particulate emissions” are correct for UN Regulation No. 49, but not for UN Regulation No. 24, because that Regulation is related to “visible pollutants”.
Submitted by Experts from OICA. Working party adoption: ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/87, para. 60.
Sources (2)
“the change introduced with this informal document is intended to ensure the coherence of wording”
“mentioning “gaseous and particulate emissions” is correct for UNR 49, but not for UNR 24, as it is related to “visible pollutants”.”
Document trail
- 2022-10ProposalECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2023/7Proposal by the expert from the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers
- —RevisedGRPE-87-16-Rev.1Proposal for amendments to ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2023/7, submitted by the experts from OICA
- —Working party adoptsECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/87GRPE session report, para. 60
- 2023-04Sent to WP.29ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2023/64Text that GRPE sent to WP.29 and AC.1
- 2023-06WP.29 adoptsECE/TRANS/WP.29/1173Adopted at the 190th session (session report, para. 165)
- 2024-01-05In forceC.N.22.2024.TREATIES-XI.B.16.85UN depositary notification
Q3Who is affected
Vehicle manufacturer
- Be ready for tests of “positive ignition engines, compression ignition engines and dual-fuel engines fuelled with hydrogen” with market fuel, or ISO14687:2019 grade D in any case of dispute (5.2.3.7.).
- For compression ignition and dual-fuel engines, when “testing for emissions according to UN Regulations Nos. 49 and/or 24 is conducted at the same time as testing to this Regulation”, decide whether to request the same fuel.
Component supplier
- No direct action for this role.
Technical service / Approval authority
- Update your test fuel instructions for “positive ignition engines, compression ignition engines and dual-fuel engines fuelled with hydrogen” to paragraph 5.2.3.7.
- For compression ignition and dual-fuel engines, be ready for a manufacturer request for the same fuel when “testing for emissions according to UN Regulations Nos. 49 and/or 24 is conducted at the same time as testing to this Regulation”.
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ⓘ This report gives advice only. It is not legal or type-approval advice.