UN R13 Supplement 4 (12 series) · UNECE Regulation No. 13 (ECE R13) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles of categories M, N and O with regard to braking.
UN R13 — Supplement 4 to the 12 series of amendments
Supplement 3 → 4
- What changed
- New paragraphs 5.3. to 5.3.3. set provisions for the braking system of vehicles with an Automated Driving System (ADS), other than Automated Lane Keeping Systems.
- This Regulation does not cover vehicles of Categories M2, M3 and N without manual braking controls intended for use during normal operation (new paragraph 1.2.5.).
- Some existing requirements now also refer to the ADS, and the electric regenerative braking rules for Category N1 now say “reduction of the acceleration demand”.
- Why
- The proposal aimed to adapt the Regulation to allow the approval of vehicles equipped with both an Automated Driving System and a manual driving mode.
- WP.29 invited the GRs to start amending the regulations identified by the expert groups on regulatory fitness for automated vehicles.
- GRVA agreed that the first amendments should be for automated vehicles that also have controls for manual driving. This significantly reduces the changes needed to testing provisions and to definitions and requirements related to the presence of a driver.
Q1What changed19 changes
Vehicles without manual braking controls (para. 1.2.5.) and the dolly reference (para. 1.2.4.)
Paragraph 1.2. lists the vehicles that this Regulation does not cover. New paragraph 1.2.5. adds vehicles of Categories M2, M3 and N, which are not equipped with manual braking controls intended for use during normal operation. Paragraph 1.2.4. on the hinged drawbar dolly now refers to the definition in paragraph 2.43.1. instead of paragraph 2.42.1.
New definitions of ADS and DDT (paras. 2.44. and 2.44.1.)
New paragraph 2.44. defines ‘Automated Driving System (ADS)’. It means the vehicle hardware and software that are collectively capable of performing the entire Dynamic Driving Task (DDT) on a sustained basis. New paragraph 2.44.1. defines ‘Dynamic Driving Task (DDT)’ as the real-time operational and tactical functions required to operate the vehicle.
Braking system of vehicles equipped with an ADS (paras. 5.3. and 5.3.1.)
New paragraph 5.3. sets special provisions for the braking system of any vehicle equipped with an Automated Driving System (ADS). These provisions do not apply to Automated Lane Keeping Systems as defined in UN Regulation No. 157. Under paragraph 5.3.1., an ADS may control the vehicle’s braking system providing that two conditions are met. First, the ADS must be designed to comply with relevant national and/or international technical regulations and relevant national legislation governing operation. Second, its activation must be restricted by technical means to the jurisdiction(s) where these apply. The manufacturer must declare compliance with this requirement at the time of the application for approval.
Annex 18 and detected faults whilst the ADS is active (paras. 5.3.2. to 5.3.3.), and Annex 2, item 12.1.
Compliance with the applicable performance requirements of this Regulation whilst the ADS is active must be demonstrated in accordance with Annex 18 (paragraph 5.3.2.). The transmission links between the ADS and the braking system, excluding the ADS itself, are subject to the requirements of Annex 18 (paragraph 5.3.2.1.). Whilst the ADS is active, detected faults as specified in this Regulation must be transmitted to the ADS (paragraph 5.3.3.). Annex 2 has a new item 12.1.: “Vehicle is equipped with an ADS: yes/no”.
Existing requirements that now also refer to the ADS (paras. 5.2.1.9., 5.2.1.26.2.1., 5.2.1.26.2.2. and 5.2.1.30.5.)
Paragraph 5.2.1.9. now says that malfunctions of the electric control transmission must not apply the brakes contrary to the intentions of the driver or ADS. Before, it said “the driver's intentions”. The conditions for disconnection of the braking surfaces of the parking braking system now include “or by an ADS”. In paragraphs 5.2.1.26.2.1. and 5.2.1.26.2.2., the text on the automatic release of the parking brake now says “the driver or ADS” instead of “the driver”. Paragraph 5.2.1.30.5. now says that activation of the service braking system by an Automated Driving System or ‘automatically commanded braking’ must generate “the signal mentioned above”. As before, the signal may be suppressed when the retardation generated is less than 0.7 m/s2.
Electric regenerative braking and the reduction of the acceleration demand (paras. 5.2.1.24.1. and 5.2.1.25.3.)
Paragraph 5.2.1.24.1. is about the actuation of the electric regenerative braking for vehicles of Category N1. It now says “the reduction of the acceleration demand” instead of “the accelerator control”. The words “and/or the gear selector neutral position” did not change. Paragraph 5.2.1.25.3., for vehicles fitted with electric regenerative braking systems of both categories, has the same change. The rule on the service braking control now says “generated by reduction of the acceleration demand” instead of “generated by the release of accelerator control”.
Q2Why it changed
- Proposed by
- Experts from the Task Force on Fitness for Automated Driving Systems
- Working party
- GRVA, 18th session (January 2024)
Reasons
The proposed amendments aim to adapt the Regulation to allow the approval of vehicles with both an Automated Driving System and a manual driving mode.
Source
“The proposed amendments aim to adapt the regulation to allow for the approval of vehicles equipped with both an Automated Driving System and a manual driving mode.”
At its 190th session in June 2023, WP.29 endorsed the report ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2023/86 of the expert groups on regulatory fitness for automated vehicles. WP.29 invited the GRs to start the work on amending the regulations that the expert groups identified in the report.
Sources (2)
“At its 190th session in June 2023, WP.29 endorsed the report (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2023/86) transmitted by the expert groups on regulatory fitness for automated vehicles”
“invited the GRs to start the work on amending the regulations identified by the expert groups in the report”
GRVA tasked the TF on FADS to amend the UN Regulations and Global Technical Regulations under its purview to accommodate automated vehicles. At its seventeenth session in September 2023, GRVA agreed that the task force should first submit amendments for automated vehicles with manual driving controls. This significantly reduces the number of changes needed to the testing provisions, which can be carried out under manual driving. It also reduces the changes to definitions and requirements directly or indirectly related to the presence of a driver.
Sources (4)
“At its seventeenth session in September 2023, the Working Party on Automated/Autonomous and Connected Vehicles (GRVA) agreed that the TF on FADS”
“which was tasked by GRVA to amend the UN Regulations and Global Technical Regulations under its purview to accommodate automated vehicles”
“should first submit amendments for automated vehicles, which are also equipped with controls for manual driving”
“This significantly reduces the number of changes needed regarding testing provisions, which can be carried out under manual driving, as well as those regarding definitions and requirements directly or indirectly related to the presence of a driver.”
Document trail
- 2023-11ProposalECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRVA/2024/8Proposal by the experts from the TF on FADS
- —Amended in sessionGRVA-18-30Amendments to the proposal by the TF on FADS
- —Working party adoptsECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRVA/18GRVA session report, para. 33
- 2024-04Sent to WP.29ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2024/57Text that GRVA sent to WP.29 and AC.1
- 2024-06WP.29 adoptsECE/TRANS/WP.29/1179Adopted at the 193rd session (session report, para. 162)
- 2025-01-10In forceC.N.32.2025.TREATIES-XI.B.16.13UN depositary notification
Q3Who is affected
Vehicle manufacturer
- Check whether new paragraph 1.2.5. takes your M2, M3 or N vehicles out of the scope of this Regulation.
- For an ADS vehicle under paragraph 5.3., compare the braking system with paragraphs 5.3. to 5.3.3.
- Declare compliance with paragraph 5.3.1. at the time of the application for approval of an ADS vehicle under paragraph 5.3.
- For ADS vehicles under paragraph 5.3., be ready to show compliance under Annex 18 whilst the ADS is active.
- For Category N1, compare your electric regenerative braking control with the new words “reduction of the acceleration demand”.
- Update your documents that quote the paragraphs that now also refer to the ADS.
Component supplier
- Check your electric control transmission against paragraph 5.2.1.9., which now names the intentions of the driver or ADS.
- For vehicles under paragraph 5.3., check the transmission links between the ADS and the braking system against Annex 18.
- For vehicles under paragraph 5.3., be ready for the transmission of detected faults this Regulation specifies to the active ADS.
Technical service / Approval authority
- Check whether new paragraph 1.2.5. takes a vehicle of Category M2, M3 or N out of the scope.
- For an ADS vehicle under paragraph 5.3., check the manufacturer's declaration of compliance with paragraph 5.3.1.
- For vehicles under paragraph 5.3., check the Annex 18 demonstration of compliance whilst the ADS is active.
- Update your Annex 2 documents with the new item 12.1. on whether the vehicle is equipped with an ADS.
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ⓘ This report gives advice only. It is not legal or type-approval advice.
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